diff --git a/packages/babel-preset-env/README.md b/packages/babel-preset-env/README.md
index 7cc3fb0e44..f5a77cd684 100644
--- a/packages/babel-preset-env/README.md
+++ b/packages/babel-preset-env/README.md
@@ -30,6 +30,22 @@ This example only includes the polyfills and code transforms needed for the last
 }
 ```
 
+You may also target browsers supporting ES Modules (https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-modules). When specifying this option, the browsers field will be ignored. You can use this approach in combination with `<script type="module"></script>` to conditionally serve smaller scripts to users (https://jakearchibald.com/2017/es-modules-in-browsers/#nomodule-for-backwards-compatibility).
+
+*Please note*: when specifying the esmodules target, browsers targets will be ignored.
+
+```json
+{
+  "presets": [
+    ["@babel/preset-env", {
+      "targets": {
+        "esmodules": true
+      }
+    }]
+  ]
+}
+```
+
 Similarly, if you're targeting Node.js instead of the browser, you can configure @babel/preset-env to only include the polyfills and transforms necessary for a particular version:
 
 ```json
diff --git a/packages/babel-preset-env/data/built-in-modules.json b/packages/babel-preset-env/data/built-in-modules.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9cab30106f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-preset-env/data/built-in-modules.json
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+{
+  "es6.module": {
+    "edge": "16",
+    "chrome": "61",
+    "safari": "10.1",
+    "ios_saf": "10.3"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/packages/babel-preset-env/package.json b/packages/babel-preset-env/package.json
index d085c29b55..98d3347049 100644
--- a/packages/babel-preset-env/package.json
+++ b/packages/babel-preset-env/package.json
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
   "repository": "https://github.com/babel/babel/tree/master/packages/babel-preset-env",
   "main": "lib/index.js",
   "scripts": {
-    "build-data": "node ./scripts/build-data.js"
+    "build-data": "node ./scripts/build-data.js; node ./scripts/build-modules-support.js"
   },
   "dependencies": {
     "@babel/plugin-check-constants": "7.0.0-beta.38",
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@
     "@babel/helper-fixtures": "7.0.0-beta.38",
     "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner": "7.0.0-beta.38",
     "compat-table": "kangax/compat-table#3e30cd67a5d3d853caf8424d00ca66d100674d4f",
+    "request": "^2.83.0",
     "electron-to-chromium": "^1.3.27"
   }
 }
diff --git a/packages/babel-preset-env/scripts/build-modules-support.js b/packages/babel-preset-env/scripts/build-modules-support.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..55cf110165
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-preset-env/scripts/build-modules-support.js
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+const path = require("path");
+const fs = require("fs");
+const request = require("request");
+
+// This mapping represents browsers who have shipped ES Modules Support.
+// For more information, checkout the specifications:
+// * https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-modules
+// * https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/scripting.html#attr-script-type
+const lastKnown = {
+  chrome: 61,
+  firefox: 59,
+  safari: 10.1,
+  ios_saf: 10.3,
+  edge: 16,
+};
+
+function input() {
+  return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
+    request(
+      "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Fyrd/caniuse/master/features-json/es6-module.json",
+      function(error, response, body) {
+        if (error || response.statusCode !== 200) {
+          return reject(
+            new Error(
+              `Error retrieving es6-module.json. ${
+                error ? error : `statusCode=${response.statusCode}`
+              }`
+            )
+          );
+        }
+
+        try {
+          const { stats } = JSON.parse(body);
+          const allowedBrowsers = {};
+
+          Object.keys(stats).forEach(browser => {
+            if (browser !== "and_chr") {
+              const browserVersions = stats[browser];
+              const allowedVersions = Object.keys(browserVersions)
+                .filter(value => {
+                  return browserVersions[value] === "y";
+                })
+                .sort((a, b) => a - b);
+
+              if (allowedVersions[0] !== undefined) {
+                allowedBrowsers[browser] = allowedVersions[0];
+              }
+            }
+          });
+
+          resolve(allowedBrowsers);
+        } catch (error) {
+          return reject(new Error(`Error parsing es6-module.json.`));
+        }
+      }
+    );
+  });
+}
+
+function output(minVersions) {
+  const dataPath = path.join(__dirname, "../data/built-in-modules.json");
+  const data = {
+    "es6.module": minVersions,
+  };
+  fs.writeFileSync(dataPath, `${JSON.stringify(data, null, 2)}\n`);
+}
+
+Promise.resolve(input())
+  .then(minVersions => output(minVersions))
+  .catch(output(lastKnown));
diff --git a/packages/babel-preset-env/src/index.js b/packages/babel-preset-env/src/index.js
index 0bf36d06c4..ae6c4825f1 100644
--- a/packages/babel-preset-env/src/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-preset-env/src/index.js
@@ -183,6 +183,17 @@ export default function buildPreset(
     console.log("");
   }
 
+  if (optionsTargets && optionsTargets.esmodules && optionsTargets.browsers) {
+    console.log("");
+    console.log(
+      "@babel/preset-env: esmodules and browsers targets have been specified together.",
+    );
+    console.log(
+      `\`browsers\` target, \`${optionsTargets.browsers}\` will be ignored.`,
+    );
+    console.log("");
+  }
+
   const targets = getTargets(optionsTargets, {
     ignoreBrowserslistConfig,
     configPath,
diff --git a/packages/babel-preset-env/src/targets-parser.js b/packages/babel-preset-env/src/targets-parser.js
index 3eb0a5e9ee..0f3aef0364 100644
--- a/packages/babel-preset-env/src/targets-parser.js
+++ b/packages/babel-preset-env/src/targets-parser.js
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import browserslist from "browserslist";
 import semver from "semver";
 import { semverify, isUnreleasedVersion, getLowestUnreleased } from "./utils";
 import { objectToBrowserslist } from "./normalize-options";
+import browserModulesData from "../data/built-in-modules.json";
 import type { Targets } from "./types";
 
 const browserNameMap = {
@@ -109,6 +110,15 @@ type ParsedResult = {
 };
 const getTargets = (targets: Object = {}, options: Object = {}): Targets => {
   const targetOpts: Targets = {};
+
+  // `esmodules` as a target indicates the specific set of browsers supporting ES Modules.
+  // These values OVERRIDE the `browsers` field.
+  if (targets.esmodules) {
+    const supportsESModules = browserModulesData["es6.module"];
+    targets.browsers = Object.keys(supportsESModules)
+      .map(browser => `${browser} ${supportsESModules[browser]}`)
+      .join(", ");
+  }
   // Parse browsers target via browserslist;
   const queryIsValid = isBrowsersQueryValid(targets.browsers);
   const browsersquery = queryIsValid ? targets.browsers : null;
@@ -121,6 +131,7 @@ const getTargets = (targets: Object = {}, options: Object = {}): Targets => {
   }
   // Parse remaining targets
   const parsed = Object.keys(targets)
+    .filter(value => value !== "esmodules")
     .sort()
     .reduce(
       (results: ParsedResult, target: string): ParsedResult => {
diff --git a/packages/babel-preset-env/test/targets-parser.spec.js b/packages/babel-preset-env/test/targets-parser.spec.js
index 77c8f38967..d1144ea993 100644
--- a/packages/babel-preset-env/test/targets-parser.spec.js
+++ b/packages/babel-preset-env/test/targets-parser.spec.js
@@ -78,6 +78,70 @@ describe("getTargets", () => {
     });
   });
 
+  describe("esmodules", () => {
+    it("returns browsers supporting modules", () => {
+      assert.deepEqual(
+        getTargets({
+          esmodules: true,
+        }),
+        {
+          chrome: "61.0.0",
+          safari: "10.1.0",
+          ios: "10.3.0",
+          edge: "16.0.0",
+        },
+      );
+    });
+
+    it("returns browsers supporting modules, ignoring browsers key", () => {
+      assert.deepEqual(
+        getTargets({
+          esmodules: true,
+          browsers: "ie 8",
+        }),
+        {
+          chrome: "61.0.0",
+          safari: "10.1.0",
+          ios: "10.3.0",
+          edge: "16.0.0",
+        },
+      );
+    });
+
+    it("returns browser supporting modules and keyed browser overrides", () => {
+      assert.deepEqual(
+        getTargets({
+          esmodules: true,
+          ie: 11,
+        }),
+        {
+          chrome: "61.0.0",
+          safari: "10.1.0",
+          ios: "10.3.0",
+          ie: "11.0.0",
+          edge: "16.0.0",
+        },
+      );
+    });
+
+    it("returns browser supporting modules and keyed browser overrides, ignoring browsers field", () => {
+      assert.deepEqual(
+        getTargets({
+          esmodules: true,
+          browsers: "ie 10",
+          ie: 11,
+        }),
+        {
+          chrome: "61.0.0",
+          safari: "10.1.0",
+          ios: "10.3.0",
+          ie: "11.0.0",
+          edge: "16.0.0",
+        },
+      );
+    });
+  });
+
   describe("node", () => {
     it("should return the current node version with option 'current'", () => {
       assert.deepEqual(